Everything is Possible: Makalah Listening : LISTEN FOR WHO AND WHAT IN PASSIVES

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

In the Listening section of the test, you will hear dialogues and academic talks, and you will be tested on your ability to understand them. You will hear each passage only once, and then answer questions after each is finished. The listening questions ask about the main idea, supporting details, and the way the speakers use language. You need to answer each listening question based on what is stated or implied by the speakers. Keep your headphones on for the entire Listening section because there is audio for the questions too, they are not just seen on your screen.

Usually you will have 6 listening passages. There will be twice as many academic talks as there are dialogues. Each academic talk will have 6 listening questions. Each dialogue will have 5 listening questions. The timer only counts down as you answer the questions. If you get 6 passages, the total time allowed is 60 minutes. The listening section can have up to 9 passages with a total time of 90 minutes.

You don't just hear the academic talks and dialogues.Each passage is a 3-6 minute long video. It's not quite like a movie though as there are only still images that change.The images are to help you imagine the situation and the roles of the people talking. Some of the images you might see are vocabulary terms written on a blackboard.There's 4 main categories–Social science, Physical Science, Life Science and the Arts–from which a wide range of topics are used in the academic talks.The topic could be anything from architecture to medical techniques to oceanography to modern history.

Even if you are not familiar with the topic, if your English is good enough, you will be able to answer all the questions based on the information in the listening passage. One of the best things to do to help you answer the questions is to take notes. It's unlikely you'll be able to remember all the details, especially if it's a completely unfamiliar topic.

CHAPTER II

CONTENT

A. LISTEN FOR WHO AND WHAT IN PASSIVES

It’s sometimes difficult to understand who or what is doing the action in a passive sentence. This problem is often tested in Listening Part A.

Example :

On the recording, you hear :

(man) : Did sally go to the bank this morning?

(woman) : Yes, she did. She got a new checking account.

(narrator) : What does the woman imply?

In your test book, you read :

(A). Sally wrote several checks

(B) Sally wanted to check up on the bank

(C) A new checking account was opened

(D) Sally checked on the balance in her account

In this conversation, the woman uses an active statement that means that Sally opened a checking account. The correct answer uses the passive structure that a checking account was opened to express the same idea. So, the best answer is (C).

If the conversation contains a passive statement, the answer to the question is often an active statement.

If the conversation contanins an active statement, the answer to the question is often a passive statement.

B. PASSIVE SENTENCE

A sentence is written in passive voice when the subject of the sentence has an action done to it by someone or something else. In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.

Form of passive sentence :

[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action].

Example :

1. Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

2. Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.

3. The car was repaired by Sam.

CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION

In the listening for TOEFL part A, it’s sometimes difficult to understand who or what is doing action in passive. In passive sentence, the thing receiving the action is subject, and the thing doing the action is object. In the listening part A if the narrator used active statement so we must answer the question with passive statement, and if the narratoe used passive statement, we must answer the question with active statement.